上幾次已講過「現在的」、「將來的」、「過去的」非事實條件句(Subjunctive Conditional)的常用句式與例子。今次會講講利用「進行式」做句式演變,把條件句的「條件部份」〈圖象化/場景化〉,可以將Subjunctive 虛擬口吻 講得更生動!
這種「進行式」虛擬口吻條件句,在美劇對白中是不時出現的。
(上篇重點重溫: 「現在的」非事實條件句,是可以涵蓋「將來的」非事實條件句。所以:
「現在的」Subjunctive句式 = 「將來的」Subjunctive句式。)因此,以下的「進行式」非事實條件句,我會將「現在的」和「將來的」一起來處理。
〈句式演變原理〉:
現在的/將來的「非事實Subjunctive」條件句 + *〈進行式〉子句*改動
用法: 講出 現在的/將來的「反事實」,並用「進行式」將條件部份〈圖象化/場景化〉。
演變前: 「現在的/將來的 Subjunctive Conditional」句式
句式: |
|
If … 簡單過去式 … , | … would + v (最常見) … … could/should/ might +v (也可以) |
條件子句 | 主句 |
例句:
【現在虛擬例子】
If the sun shone(簡單過去式), I would go (would + v) shopping with you now.
如果現在陽光普照,我就當然會跟你去逛街購物啦! (現在其實是滂沱大雨!)
【將來虛擬例子】
If the sun shone (簡單過去式) tomorrow, I would go(would + v) shopping with you then.
如果明天陽光普照,我就當然會跟你去逛街購物啦! (明天應該會打八號風球!)
演變後: 「現在的/將來的 Subjunctive Progressive Conditional」句式
句式: |
|
If … 過去*進行式* … , | … would + v (最常見) … … could/should/ might +v (也可以) |
條件子句 | 主句 |
例句:
【現在虛擬– 場景/圖象化】
If the sun were shining (過去*進行式*), I would go shopping with you now.
如果現在陽光普照中(廣東話:陽光普照緊的話),我就當然會跟你去逛街購物啦! (現在其實是滂沱大雨!)
【將來虛擬 – 場景/圖象化】
If the sun were shining (過去*進行式*) tomorrow, I would go shopping with you then.
如果明天陽光普照的話,我就當然會跟你去逛街購物啦! (明天應該會打八號風球!)
其實這種「進行式」的虛擬語氣,在廣東話中都會有: 「如果…..緊,那就甚麼甚麼啦!」
更多例句:
另外,如果希望將主句都一起「場景化/畫面化」,可以連主句都以「進行式」作Subjunctive表達。
例句1 (現在的〈非事實〉):
If we were arriving at (過去*進行式*) Hokkaido, we should gobble up
(should +v) varieties of seafood!
如果我們現在到達北海道,我們應該大吃大喝各樣海鮮。
= If we were arriving at (過去*進行式*) Hokkaido, we should be gobbling up
(should + be ving) varieties of seafood!
如果我們現在到達北海道,我們應該在大吃大喝著各樣海鮮。(更具「場景化/圖象化」!)
(Voca: gobble up 大吃大喝)
例句2 (現在的〈非事實〉):
If I weren’t getting (過去*進行式*) my ankle twisted, I could run (could +v)the annual marathon competition right now..
如果我不是扭腫了腳踝,我現在就能跑每年一次度跑馬拉松比賽了。
= If I weren’t getting (過去*進行式*) my ankle twisted, I could be running (could + be ving) the annual marathon competition right now..
如果我不是扭腫了腿踝,我現在就在跑著每年一度的跑馬拉松比賽了。(更具「場景化/圖象化」!)
(Voca: ankle twisted 扭腫腳踝)
例句3 (將來的〈非事實〉):
If my thigh sprained were not being recovered(過去*進行式*) , I might rest (might +v)at home. But now it is recovering well!
如果我扭傷大腿真的尚未康服,我才會在家休息。但現在正康服得很不錯呢!
If I my thigh sprained were not being recovered (過去*進行式*), I might be resting (might + be ving)at home. (更具「場景化/圖象化」!) But now it is recovering well!
(Voca: thigh sprained 扭傷大腿)
例句4 (將來的〈非事實〉):
If my calf strained were deteriorating(過去*進行式*), I would quit (would +v)the game. But chances are slim.
如果我的小腿扯傷惡化,我才可能會暫停參賽。但機會很低。
= If my calf strained were deteriorating(過去*進行式*), I would be quitting (would + be ving)the game. (更具「場景化/圖象化」!) But chances are slim.
如果我的小腿扯傷惡化,我才會暫停著參賽。但機會很低。
(Voca: calf strained 扯傷小腿)
關於更多如何用Ving場面化/畫面化「動作」的教學,【按此: 7+3視覺英語Business Writing課程】。